10/29/2023 0 Comments Mag citrate liquid for constipationThis, combined with a lack of pharmacokinetic information on magnesium oxide, means that in clinical practice it is often prescribed with little regard for the optimal dose. Magnesium oxide (MgO) is converted to sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO 3) and magnesium carbonate (MgCO 3) by gastric and pancreatic juice, and exerts its effect as a salt laxative.Īnthraquinone-based drugs, which act as stimulant laxatives and include rhubarb and senna, cause tolerance with continuous use, whereas patients do not develop tolerance to magnesium oxide with continuous use.Īlthough magnesium oxide use can lead to hypermagnesemia, this is rare. Currently, the safety, convenience, and low cost of magnesium oxide, which has been used for many years, mean that it has once again attracted attention ( Table 1). While the range of laxatives available has expanded, there is still no consensus on how to use them correctly. In recent years, new drugs such as a type-2 chloride channel activator, a guanylate cyclase 2C receptor agonist, and an inhibitor of the ileal bile acid transporter have been developed to treat constipation and can be given to a patient sequentially. Polyethylene glycol is the laxative of first choice in the United States and is also widely used in Europe. Therefore, at present, the decision of which magnesium salt to use as a laxative is dependent upon the country in which it is prescribed. In European countries, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium citrate, magnesium sulfate, and magnesium oxide are used as saline laxatives, but there are only a limited number of studies that compare the different salt forms and few actual cases of use. On the other hand, the magnesium preparation most commonly used in South Korea and the United States is magnesium hydroxide. Following this, magnesium oxide took a central position as a laxative of choice in East Asian countries such as Japan, China, and Taiwan. Siebold brought magnesium oxide to Japan. Magnesium oxide was introduced from the West to the East in the 19th century when German physician P.F.B. The expected laxative actions of magnesium nitrate meant it was used to treat constipation alongside rhubarb, which contains an anthraquinone glycoside compound that acts as a stimulant laxative in Chinese and Japanese herbal medicine. Magnesium nitrate, Mg(NO 3) 2, was already being used in Chinese herbal medicine when magnesium sulfate was discovered in the West, and magnesium nitrate was introduced to Japan in the 8th century. However, the history of the medicinal use of magnesium in Eastern countries is even older. The substance, magnesium sulfate, MgSO 4, became known as Epsom salts and was used as a treatment for constipation for the next 350 years. Magnesium began to be used medicinally in Western countries after the 1618 discovery by a farmer in Epsom, England that well water had a healing effect on cattle skin diseases.
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